用透射积分法研究的穆斯堡尔谱学——一个在聚合二茂铁研究中的应用

本文利用透射积分法，在聚合二茂铁研究中发现，这种方法不但能够得到超精细参数，而且能够得到一般拟合方法得不到的另外两个重要参数—样品的无反冲分数和相应的德拜温度，由此能进一步了解到样品在结合中晶格的质量及化学键的强弱，为穆斯堡尔谱研究提供了一条新的途径。     

水合硝酸钕和18C6配合物的合成与性质研究

证实了18C6和水合硝酸钕在乙腈、丙酮和无水醇中均可形成Nd(NO_3)_3·18C6和[Nd(NO_3)_3]_4[18C6]_3两种类型的配合物如果按盐、醚摩尔比≤1:1配料,室温下充分反应,必然生成1:1型配合物;如果按盐、醚摩尔比≥4:3配料,室温下充分反应,必然生成4:3型配合物。两种配合物都是固液同成分化合物。两种配合物在上述三种溶剂中的溶解度都非常小。实现了两种配合物在溶液中的相互转变,讨论了转变的条件。提出了用红外光谱和热重曲线定性鉴别两种配合物的方法。     

健康猕猴血液和毛发微量元素含量的正常值测定和差异比较

对猕猴(Macaca mulatta)血液和毛发的镁、锰、钼、镍、铅、铬、镉、锌、铁、铜、钙等11种元素的含量，用电感耦合高频等离子体发射光谱仪进行了测定．给出了各个元素在血液和毛发中的平均含量值和变动范围．指出毛发中的微量元素含量一般较血液为高，且变动较小．与人体内含量比较，猴毛发的Cu、Mo、CA、Ni的含量与人发接近；猴血液的Zn、Fe、Ca、Mn、Ca亦与人的接近．对猴血液微量元素含量随年龄、体重、性别变化及血液含量和毛发含量的相关关系进行了统计学检验．通过对测定值的比较分析，认为尽管动物体内的微量元素含量随种类、环境、个体差异变化较大，就群体平均含量而言，仍存在着相似的变化规律。本文的测定结果对了解猕猴对微量元素的需要提供了初步依据．     

N-(邻-氯苯基)氨基乙酸铜(Ⅱ)和N-(邻-甲基苯基)氨基乙酸铜(Ⅱ)的合成、晶体结构和电子结构

合成了N-(邻氯苯基)氨基乙酸铜(Ⅱ)和N-(邻甲基苯基)氨基乙酸铜(Ⅱ)的单晶体,测定了它们的晶体结构,并对其电子结构进行EHMO计算。N-(邻氯苯基)氨基乙酸铜(Ⅱ)属单斜晶系,空间群P2₁/a.a=8.786(4),b=7.777(2),c=11.956(2)Å,β=96.01(3)°,V=812.4ų,Z=2,D_c=1.77g·cm^-3;N-(邻甲基苯基)氨基乙酸铜(Ⅱ)属单斜晶系,空间群P2₁/a,a=8.925(6),b=7.973(8),c=11.856(9)Åβ=96.23(6)°,V=838.6Å,Z=2,D_c=1.55g·cm^-3。两配合物互为异质同晶。配合物中,铜原子为分子的对称中心,并与两个配位体的两个羧基氧和两个氨基氮原子形成四方形配位结构,平均Cu-O键长为1.902Å,Cu-N为2.050Å。量子化学计算表明,在配位键的形成中,铜原子的d轨道的作用均不大,但配体中苯环上取代基的性质对Cu-N键强度有一定影响。     

DNA体外缩合的研究进展

DNA缩合不仅是自然界常见的生理现象，也是非病毒载体介导基因转染的关键步骤。了解DNA体外缩合的性质与特征，将有助于设计出高效的非病毒转基因载体。本文综述了近十几年来以多价阳离子为缩合剂诱发的DNA体外缩合的研究进展，着重介绍了缩合的机理、过程、影响缩合的因素以及应用于转基因的最新成果。     

THE QUANTUM EFFICIENCY FOR THE INTERPHOTOCONVERSION OF THE BLUE and PINK FORMS OF PURPLE MEMBRANE

When the cations bound to purple membrane are removed it turns blue, and when this blue membrane is irradiated its color changes to pink. Irradiation of pink membrane leads to the reformation of blue membrane. We have determined that the quantum efficiency for the formation of pink membrane from deionized blue membrane is 1.6 ± 0.6 ± 10 ⁴ at 0^oC, pH 5.0. We also found that the quantum efficiency for the back photoconversion, i.e. the formation of blue membrane from pink membrane, is 8.8 ± 1.6 ± 10^-3 at 0^oC, 55 times greater than that of the forward photoconversion reaction. The extinction coefficients of the pink membrane and blue membrane were determined to be 44 500 ± 670 cm^-1 M^-1 at 491 nm and 54 760 ± 830 cm^-1 M ^-1 at 603 nm, respectively, assuming light-adapted purple membrane is 63 000 cm^-1 M ^-1 at 568 nm. The quantum efficiency for forming pink membrane from blue membrane is much lower than that for forming the photointermediate of the blue membrane's photocycle. Their relationship is similar to that of light-adaptation and photocycle of the dark-adapted purple membrane.     

Kinetics of uranium(VI) extraction by bis(octylsulfinyl)methane

The kinetics and mechanism of uranium(VI) extraction from nitric acid solution by bis(octylsulfinyl)methane (BOSM) are studied with the method of stationary interface cell. The effects of temperature, extractant and nitric acid concentrations are discussed. The results showed that the extraction process is controlled by the following reaction: UO₂(NO₃)₂ + BOSM_(i)⇄_k1 ^k-1UO₂(NO₃)₂BOSM_(i). The variation of enthalpy associated with the extraction is -22.1±2.1 kJ/mol. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

New flavonoids from Oxytropis myriophylla

Eight compounds were isolated from Oxytropis myriophylla. On the basis of spectral analyses, their structures were elucidated to be (6R,9R)-roseoside (1), (6R,9S)-roseoside (2), adenosine (3), myriophylloside B (4), myriophylloside C (5), myriophylloside D (6), myriophylloside E (7), and myriophylloside F (8). Five flavonoids (4-8) were new compounds, and the three known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.     

反应条件对钌基氨合成催化剂性能的影响

用氨合成催化剂性能评价装置,研究了反应温度、压力、空速和氢氮比对以活性炭为载体的钌基氨合成催化剂活性的影响。研究表明,低于400℃时,随着反应温度降低,催化剂的活性急剧降低。随着压力升高,催化剂活性增大。但钌催化剂具有较高的低压活性,适宜低压合成氨。随着空速的降低,催化剂的活性明显提高。在空速和压力一定的条件下,最佳氢氮比随反应温度而异,并且当空速较高或反应温度较低时,氢氮比的变化对催化剂活性的影响更加明显。     

Elimination of matrix effects for headspace solid-phase microextraction of important volatile compounds in red wine using a novel coating

In this paper, hydroxy-terminated silicone oil-butyl methacrylate-divinylbenzene (OH-TSO-BMA-DVB) copolymer was first synthesized and used as stationary phase with the aid of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxylsilane (KH-570) as bridge in solid-phase microextraction (SPME) using sol–gel method and cross-linking technique. It has high extraction efficiency for both polar alcohols and fatty acids and nonpolar esters in comparison with commercial PDMS, PDMS-DVB and PA fibers. A simple and sensitive headspace SPME-gas chromatography (HS-SPME-GC) method using the novel fiber was presented for the simultaneous analysis of both polar alcohols and fatty acids and nonpolar esters in wine. To check the matrix effects, various model wine matrices, including distilled water; 11.5% ethanol/water (v/v) solution; a concentrated synthetic wine; a ‘volatile-free’ wine and a real wine were investigated in detail. Matrix effects were compensated for by using internal standard method and selecting the ‘volatile-free’ wine as working standard. The method presented in this study showed satisfactory linearity, precision, detection limits and accuracy. The recoveries obtained ranged from 85.87 to 104.2%, and the relative standard deviation values were below 9%. The results obtained indicated that the present method is a validated and accurate procedure for the simultaneous determination of both polar and nonpolar aroma compounds in wine.